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2017 November Edition

JUNGLE JUSTICE AND VALUE FOR HUMAN LIFE
2017 November Edition2018 May Edition2019 April EditionFeatured

JUNGLE JUSTICE AND VALUE FOR HUMAN LIFE

written by Odilichukwu Frances


A global village has the world become since the advent of the technological revolution and one of its offsprings, the social media, makes the dissemination of information very easy.

An incident which happened in Calabar has it that a man, whose dignified labour was accompanied by daily drenching of his clothes in profuse beads of sweat, acquired a motorcycle. He constantly enjoyed the service from his mechanical property until on Monday, March 25, 2019, a robber stealthily assailed him and tried to deprive him of it. He was activated by the adrenaline and energetically resisted the robber. Perplexed at how resilient the owner of the property was, the robber bathed him with fuel, set him ablaze and breezed out with the motorcycle. The police and others around went after him. He was caught and arrested while a few onlookers put out the fire on the resilient man and rushed him to the hospital.

On Tuesday, March 26, 2019, a throng of vexed individuals stormed the police station where the culprit was kept in custody, sought him out and burned him alive. When it was inquired of the crowd, by a few onlookers, the reason behind their setting ablaze the man and not letting anyone rescue him, they explained that the man whom he set ablaze the previous day kicked the bucket thirty minutes ago and they couldn’t let him die without avenging his death. The sympathizers walked away dumbfounded.

Various media could tag those avengers. A few people think the robber got what he deserved. The law, however, could find both parties guilty.

When we look through the lens of Thomas Hobbes’ ‘state of nature’, we see that he described human life as short, nasty, brutish, and wicked as a result of man’s self-centeredness. We may be right to claim that these men were blameless going by what the robber did. It was for the value of human life, and to salvage occurrences like the one above, that the likes of John Locke and Jean Jacque Rousseau introduced the general will, liberalism, social contract, democracy and similar forms of government.

Rousseau said, “I give up my rights, all men give up theirs and we choose one man who also give up his and we give him our rights as we saddle him with the responsibility to defend us” (my paraphrase).  This was the beginning of ‘the government for the people’.

Jacque further explained that everyone could opine but to build a lawful society, every community should have a representative. Trust must be found in this social contract, responsibility must be taken, and the leader must be for the people. Perhaps that’s why he asserted: “man is free but is everywhere in chains, hence the more power man has, more chains are bound to him”. For a man who understands himself a steward to the people will not parade himself with shoulders high; he rather would dutifully shoulder his responsibilities and avoid damnation.

The series of events in Nigeria leading to the 2019 presidential election ‘til this moment paints a picture of the brutish state of nature in the country where strength was seen to be inflicting pain on others, coveting what others own. Those who lacked the physical strength in the words of Karl Marx found solace in religion. The only difference as it relates to Nigeria is the masking of the ‘state of nature’ in the frame of democracy.

It is no news that citizens, in some parts of the country, express their anger through jungle justice.  Maybe the government should officially announce to all that we are back to the ‘state of nature’ and that jungle justice is the real deal so that no one is taken unawares anymore; so that no one reposes trust in the legal system and security agencies only to be disappointed.

Patriotism is nevertheless a call we must all answer. For its sake, let every man in his corner, at his pace and time strive to attain the lofty heights of peace; work together to remind the government of the social contract and that breaching it has consequences!

April 4, 2019 72 comments
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NIGERIA YOUTHS; THE KEY TO ECONOMIC GROWTH
2017 November Edition2018 May EditionFeatured

NIGERIA YOUTHS; THE KEY TO ECONOMIC GROWTH

written by Odilichukwu Frances

NIGERIA YOUTHS; THE KEY TO ECONOMIC GROWTH IMAGE
In the last publish, there is an article themed “Youths in Nigeria Government and Politics”, in the article the concept of “youths” was defined, the significance of the active participation of youths in Nigeria government and politics was stated. So in this article, we will be seeing the role youths can play in the diversification of the economy of Nigeria, it is expected that at the end of this work, we will discover if Nigerian youths are lazy or are unaware of the impacts they can make, or if they really are making impacts but need a little help/push.

THE KEY

KNOWLEDGE
The dictionary and so many other scholars have defined knowledge in the different ways but with emphasis on it as a “noun”. In practice, elites have termed knowledge to be skill and efficiency, society has termed it running streets, labour market terms it paper qualification, and for clarity sake in this work, it is termed ‘the known’; simply put, refined information. The philosopher Socrates said, “to know good is to do good, and not to know good is to do evil” which means that what you do or not do reflects what you know or don’t know (your action and inaction reflects your knowledge and ignorance), and as the work unfolds, the components of K such as culture, education, and skill acquisition, will be illuminated.

EDUCATION
NIGERIA YOUTHS; THE KEY TO ECONOMIC GROWTHAcademically education is basically divided into formal or informal education. Here, we will look at education from both the idealist and empiricist view. The idealist (idealism) which is championed by Plato, the philosopher conceives education from the Greek word “educere” which means to “lead out”. That is to say that man is born with an innate idea, there are things which one just knows how to do perfectly well or just understands so easily as though one has done that for a long while, this school of thought explains that it is so because one has known those things already, but is unaware of the existence of such abilities or ideas, so education becomes the way to lead such abilities and ideas out, bringing it to the open where the person is aware and makes use of them. For the empiricists (empiricism) the notion of education conceived by John Locke is derived from the Greek work “educare”, which means “to train or teach”. The idea behind this notion is that man was born ‘tabula raza’ which means ‘empty/blank slate’, this literally means that man knows nothing except what he has been thought by his environment or nurture.  The point here is not state which school of thought has it right or wrong because they both make salient points which is the focus of this column. This point is that the essence of education is to lead out and to train or to teach; to bring to awareness by leading out that which is unseen but exists, one may refer to such as “potentials” and then, to teach that which is unknown, good enough they both work hand in hand, flowing from the unknown to the known. Why is this the case? Simply because every good teacher with the aim of having successful students must be to teach them effectively by relating from what he assumes or is certain that they already know, and every good student, who is not a paper student, (students who read or just cram to pass exams), relates to understands something new from what they already know, think of it, it is difficult to relate with something you have never seen before, if you are able to flow easily with something new, it simply  because you have been able to relate that to something you already known, hence, the implication of Socrates’ Socratic method.  Education on this level is basically about everything that can be known both by interest and necessity. Such includes, skill acquisition. For whatever you want to be (interest), acquire a skill that will help you achieve that and enhance the innate idea and ability that has prompted that within you(necessity), also pick a vocation that equips and develops you better for the kind of problems you want to solve(interest). Education is incomplete if self is not developed.

However, after the acquisition of skills, there is need for a practical experience, which aids the practical or theoretical learning. You really cannot confirm what you are capable or incapable of until there is an experience. From a subjective perspective, the system of formal education should be able to get student a place of industrial training, not that students should go out seeking for it themselves, but that every school through their departments and faculties should be able to avail students a place of I.T, considering the field of study, that not being feasible at the moment, the youths/students must not waste the opportunity creatively practice what has been acquired by not shying away from challenges, going to make more researches, the youths that cheer reality shows like the just concluded Big brother Naija 2018, are not lazy to cheer on what they want, and when the society is not willing to listen, then they should gladly take it by force; power is taken, not given and knowledge is power while education is the means of obtaining this power.

CULTURE
Merriam Webster defines culture to be the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religion or social group. In the 20thc, the subject social studies defines culture as the totality of a people’s way of life. Humans when thrown into existence stumble on circumstances in a bid to identify the essence of their existence and become accepted by each other in the society they find themselves, they unconsciously begin to come up with means and patterns which inversely is their response to challenges in their environment, gradually these patterns discovered in the face challenges and self-actualization become a way of life and a norm which over time metamorphose into the culture of a society and is passed on to generations.  As the society grows and develops there may be a paradigm shift as a result of model crisis, and just like in science, there will be hypothesis, experiment, observation, test, theory, law and the cycle goes on, but the sole aim is to solve that problem. One may wonder what this may be driving at, the point is one fundamental knowledge that must be gathered is the knowledge of culture, in knowing the culture one understands “the why” behind the norms, standards and values of a people, this one knowledge is key to any successful revolution.

May 1, 2018 217 comments
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Appreciation Of Poems
2017 November EditionPoems

Appreciation Of Poems

written by The Intellects Mag

So Long A Journey- By Ezike Kenechukwu

The poet writes about the faulty educational system that Nigerian students go through, in this poem of four stanzas. The pronoun “He” is used in two senses; first as it represents the writer, who is a masculine being, and the individual narrating his ordeal, and in the second sense, in an analogical manner, man representing male and female alike. So, “he” is used to represent the poet and other Nigerian students who are faced with same challenges as they journey through Nigeria’s educational system.

The first six lines of the first stanza of fifteen lines explains how the educational career begins, it begins with the nursery and primary session, rich in curriculum and practice. Niger delta an area rich resources, symbolizes the slate of the child’s mind, still very fresh, filled with resources ready to be utilized. (This section spans from the time of the poems generation in the 1990’s, for the poet does not consider the present day nursery and primary education rich). The education ends in the Sahara desert, the desert symbolizes the societal life of the graduated Nigerian.  A desert is a barren land, not suitable for habitation because its living conditions are harsh.

 

It symbolizes Nigeria students who have gone through the education system of Nigeria, are now in the society of Nigeria and all they see is barren lands, which they were never prepared for in the system that is supposed to be a refiner. They cannot comprehend how they started from Niger delta, and ended in Sahara desert. The next five lines coming after that depicts how the sojourn should have known that he is ended for the desert when he reached northern Nigeria (tertiary institutions, the university precisely where lots of people are studying courses that they do not like but are without option and really need to get the paper certificate). In this sense, one who is travelling and suddenly meets an area of low vegetation should at least have a re-think of what the destination through that route will be like, though the argument will be inconclusive or undetermined, but that should prepare the sojourns mind for what is to come. The first eleven lines that begins the second verse talks about the inadequate training of Nigerian students throughout the formal education process.

 

They are not trained on the importance of resource management, like water- in the poem, water symbolizes life. Nigerian students are ill prepared to face life challenges when they are in school. The last fourteen lines that ends the second verse shows the different stages in the in the university. Northern Nigeria shows the first two years, while Niger and Mali represent the last two years in the university and also other years spent by students who study for about five to seven years. While they are in these last two stages, they express their initial desires to graduate with first class, and how the drill has got them wishing for a second class upper/lower as the case maybe. The old and young cactus in the third stanza symbolizes old leaders and the youths in Nigeria.

 

They cannot comprehend how they started from Niger delta, and ended in Sahara desert 

The old leaders refuse to leave their positions in the office or in the politics and do not want to give the youths a breathing space, they practically do not want the youths to be a part of the system. The youths/students are made to believe that there is an oasis in the desert, oasis symbolizes entrepreneurial ventures, which is seen as a mini paradise. They suddenly start to crave for the oasis, but then entrepreneurship has its own rules and does not in the midst of limited resources create jobs on a wide scale neither does it eliminate poverty,

it only initiates capitalism and the enriches the owner of the venture.

 

Industrialization, good education, commercialization and the rest of such kinds are needed on a larger scale just like irrigation, afforestation and the rest of such change the climate of the desert/forest. Irrigation creates healthy growth for crops and trees. Annual crops that propagates, germinates, and is harvested within a year, to save cost of irrigation, rain trees could be planted, that will alter the climate and bring an increase in the amount of rainfall and shady trees. Oasis does not help a desert so much, it only helps those who are close to it just as entrepreneur does for the owners. The Nigerian government should create employment by building industries, commercialization and privatization of the necessary industries. Otherwise, the entrepreneur suffers as well, because if he succeeds, his venture becomes overcrowded (destination for all and sundry) some would want to take possession of his ventures, and others (family and relatives) will rebel as well, with the notion that wealth was created for them, this will probably result in laziness and nonchalance evident in their overt behavior (my uncle is this, or my family has that, while they have nothing for themselves).  Finally the instructors and administrators of desert symbolizes the teachers, lectures and the Nigerian government respectively.

The Agitation -By Jombo Odilichukwu

The poetess in this poem of four stanzas writes on the political situation of the southern part of Nigeria from the time before its annexation to the present day agitation. The first stanza shows how the southerners, the Igbo’s precisely were without any form of centralization, except for the gerontocracy, which accords the eldest man in every family and clan the leadership mantle and respect, every man for himself, fending for his family and also the community (treasury of full sacks), until the colonization (annexation by white king) of Nigeria that started with Lagos in July 1861, history has it that the colonial master had come in guise of signing treaties with African countries (without a bell ring), and the Nigerian-British case was no different, and just before they could realize that signing the treaty was signing into captivity, it was dusk. The likes of king Jaja of Opobo, Nana of Itsekiri, Oba ovorenewem of Benin tried to oppose them but were thrown into exile. Though the people were sold into slavery, “there was an illuminating”. 

 

Illuminating symbolizes civilization. “The heart piercing wailing was not to be ignored” (barbaric act of slavery, and exploitation, so the elites stood, using civilization to their own advantage, by writing, speaking, forming coalitions and parties). In the second stanza, trumpet sound symbolizes the 1957 London delegation that initiated the quest for independence in 1959, though history has it that the Northerners were not ready at the time so the independence was adjourned to Oct. 1, 1960. The liberating sound symbolizes independence. Black turning into white symbolizes mixed culture (the Lingua franca became English, there was high quest for white collar jobs and not farming or other traditional jobs, mode of eaten and food items changed, including worship system. There was acculturation). Luke warm symbolizes lack of full knowledge of any of the cultures (we did not learn their culture fully, and we had no firm grip on our culture after the independence).

 

“Treasury full of sack was not recovered in the pack” means that communalism was fading, and our resources were looted. With victory of Independence, Nigeria could feel hope in the air, a dream had come through. The third Stanza tries to synthesize the events happened during colonization and the Nigerian civil war. Coronation symbolizes the amalgamation of the Northern and southern protectorate, regardless of the conflicting culture and religion. “Seed of the white king” symbolizes Nigeria. The name Nigeria consequently led to the amalgamation of the Northern and southern protectorate and the Nigeria civil war was the fruit.

 The fourth stanza explains the present day Biafra agitation, from MASSOB (movement for the actualization of the sovereign state of Biafra) to the IPOB (Indigenous people of Biafra) and the “ohanaeze ndi Igbo”. “They sing awareness” awareness refers to their claim to self-determination and knowing what they demand from Nigeria, as there is marginalization in the air. But their actions show ignorance, because the three groups are at loggerheads, they do not say the same thing, yet they claim to be speaking for the same people. They need to be informed, they need sit together and unlearn in order to learn, and only unity will make their dream come true. Nigeria could be what they want it to be if this agitators can unite with their leaders and themselves and speak with one voice.

From The Intellects Desk

Indeed, the journey is so long and unending until one closes his eyes in death. But while we exist, we must survive, is that not a part of our essence? We have not come here to just leave unnoticed. A lot has been expressed and explained already, if the old cactus cannot give way for the young cactus as nature demands, the young cactus must realize self-determination, grow stronger and deeper roots, sprout out and unseat the old cactus who have refused to give way for nature to take its cause. Power is not given, by anybody, it is eventually taken.  

 

Every epoch has witnessed agitation and strive among nations, as long as man lives, there must be strive, for man is free and is everywhere in chains. Again, man is a political being whose interest is usually more egoistic than altruistic. Will splitting Nigeria to achieve Biafra really bring prosperity in the nation where three groups as shown in the poem analysis advocate differently for a people on one issue? At the same time, will marginalization, tribalism, nepotism and imperialism keep Nigeria as one? The federal government, the legislatives and the judiciary must cross examine the situation and proffer solution to the problem, a people should not be slaves in their hope nor there be preferred citizens before the law.

 

Our national anthem pleads freedom and justice.

 

 

 

Let the compatriots arise,

Let the labours of heroes past not be in vain,

Let our leaders be guided right,

Only then shall we build a nation bound in freedom and unity,

Where peace and justice shall reign.

So help us God. Amen!

November 26, 2017 74 comments
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2017 November EditionBiafraFeatured

Youths, In Nigeria Politics And Government By Jombo Odilichukwu

written by The Intellects Mag

 Indeed, the game of politics has always been in vogue in all the countries of the world from time immemorial because according to Aristotle, Man is a political animal. However, it is necessary that the key words Government, Politics and Youth are elicited so that a solid foundation is laid for this topic.

Government:

     Government is the means by which state policy is enforced, as well as the mechanism for determining the policy of the state. Forms of government, or forms of state governance, refers to the set of political systems and institutions that make up the organisation of a specific government and Nigeria, Democracy is practiced.

Politics 

     The word “politics” is derived from the Greek word polis which means city-state. Robert Dahl describes politics as an interplay of contending actors in which one actor always attempts to gain a relative advantage over the other.  For the sake of the content of this work, Aristotle’s definition of politics will be used. Aristotle defined politics in his treatise on human Associations, stated that the most sovereign and inclusive association in the polis, as it is called, whose essence is the establishment of government, law-making, enforcement and eliciting obedience from the members of the society as he observed man to be by nature a political animal, and these summed his definition of politics as a city-state. 

Youth

    Literally, the youth refer to the young, and the Oxford advanced learners dictionary of sixth edition defines the young as having lived or existed for only a short time; not fully developed, not yet old or not as old as others. This grouped definition will be used in the content of this work. However, by age grouping the Youths are between the ages of eighteen to forty-five. I also categorise the ages of the people in the country in the periodic time of the day

Mid-night to Early morning: from a day old to age seventeen

Morning to Mid-day: from age eighteen to age forty-five (energetic and should work for what they want)

Mid-day to Evening: from age forty-five to age sixty-five (reap fruits or investment, invest more and plan retirement)

Night: from age sixty-five to whenever the person dies. (The old should have retired)

The youths belong to the second category, the mid-day.

      It is no news that politics is conceived in the mind of many Nigerians as a dirty game. Aside football, the game of politics is the most cheered in Nigeria, with same old players, lots of noisy cheering spectators and very few informed spectators; among them are fewer aspiring players, who more often than not out of desperation do a few wrong things to get into the game or channel their interest to other things and some would remain as aspiring spectators out of frustration. This has actually been going on in Nigeria and as a matter of fact, has done more harm than good which is why the present-day Nigeria is in a stagnant situation where there is a high rate discovery of looted monies, yet there is high rate of inflation and recession spelt in every hook and cranny of the streets of the states in Nigeria. This negativity is also the case because the youths have been neglected; there is no much input in the political grooming of the young people and so the youths are not able to know their worth and value and their strength is misused just as their value is abused. The youths happen to be the centre of this work and if there must be liberation from this societal decadence, then youths must be shown to their place in the society and be allowed to properly play their role.

Why The Youth Should Involve In Nigeria Politics And Government

The youths need be involved in Nigeria politics and government if there must be a positive change in the society for the reasons below.

Instrumentality

   Instrumentality is a jargon derivative of the word ‘instrumental’. Instrumental according to the Oxford advanced learners’ dictionary of sixth edition is defined as important in making things happen. That is to be indispensable.

     Often times in Nigeria, during elections, there could be carrying of the ballot boxes, rigging of the elections, and some other punishable offences carried out by politicians who are in their evening hours of life through the young people. There could also be plans for riot, whether it be peaceful or violent and it is usually executed by the young people. The youths are lobbied by the politicians and given a token say two thousand naira each and like puppets, they aid in campaign for men who ought to have retired or be coaches in the game of politics. These events and more go on and on, and the youths are being exploited and their strength misused. Perhaps there should be a revolution by these young activists for the alienation of very active offices or power from the hands of men who have hitherto been in power since the independence of Nigeria. The point is this, these young people have been used as tools positively and negatively alike and that makes them very instrumental. And so they need to be rightly involved in politics, so that they channel their strength and energy to doing something good; thereby allowing them to call the shots, provide them with the necessary amenities they need to make choices that will enable them assume the offices they want, vote whom they want, be able to participate in government; thereby being able to speak up against what is wrong in the society. These will in turn, increase the moral value of the society, and lead to the other reasons why youths should involve in politics and government as stated below. 

          Again democracy is the government by the people, of the people and for the people and the youths are part of these people, not only are they part of these people they are part of the city-state and most be involved in the affairs of the city state and these essentially make them instrumental.

Responsibility Building:

     Responsibility refers to the ability of being responsible for both action and inaction. Maturity has been attained when one is responsible. Now, a lot of things go wrong in Nigeria especially among the youths because they have not been groomed to shoulder responsibilities, some are still being fed milk when they ought to be cracking bones, some are not being fed at all and very few take bones. Only that few are actually able to make impact and create a difference. Take for instance, some of the people who currently serve in government and public offices in Nigeria have been there since their late twenties or mid-thirties. They learnt to shoulder responsibilities early enough and the whole politics and government still revolves around them. Example the current president, Gen. Muhammadu Buhari. The likes of Chief Olusegun Obasanjo, Ibrahim Babangida, Atiku and the rest of them still play lots of vital roles in the current politics and government and it is not supposed to be so. There are no genuine youth organisations as the Nigeria Youth Movement of 1937 founded by late Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, owelle Onitsha who was just thirty-three years at that time, that movement worked actively like his newspaper, they were able to air their opinion and the sense of responsibility necessitated their request for what they needed even while they were under British colony; as through that medium, they were directly involved in politics. Currently, even the young people are not counsellors or local government chairman, they are not even active in political parties except ipso facto as puppets, they are neglected yet this group of young adults are the springboard of any societal institution. 

    

 

It is no news that the current president of France, Emmanuel Marcon is just thirty-five years. If he was not involved in the government and politics of the country he won’t be able to shoulder such responsibility. No doubt, it is important the aged are part of the government but the government should not revolve around them, for the future of every society lies the hands of its youths. They keep saying the youths are the leaders of tomorrow and I keep wondering if when tomorrow will ever come.

Finally, when youths get involved in politics, they utilise their strength and contribute positively and the country gets to develop alongside growth. Because they will build to fight the good fight, step up their values and standards and be ready to stand for what is right against all odds, having in mind that their country values them.

Indestructable Future Of The Society

     To be indestructible is to be beyond destruction. So because the youths are instrumental in the political and governmental sectors of Nigeria, they gradually become responsible and so take on themselves the pains to see that things are done right, that the necessary amenities are provided and that there is proper investment in productive areas, values and standards that will positively be modified and transferred and that way, the society becomes closely knitted and tightly knotted without disheartening loopholes and will be able stand the test of time and against terrorism or any global threat.

     For instance, the nation like Ethiopia is said to be the poorest nation because it was never colonised by any foreign nation, but a careful observation show them to be a strong nation because the youths are fully involved in their activities, including their government and politics. In a nation like Brunee, the citizens do not migrate to other nations or countries because their government needs each of them.

    Finally, if the youths are properly involved in politics and government, there will be Economic growth, promotion of the culture, social growth, spiritual growth, moral development and development will be in the air of hook and cranny of the country, every tribe will get what is due to them as citizens of Nigeria and there will be no need for the agitation of Biafra which has resulted in the killing of so many young people who put stake their lives for that cause.

How Can The Youths Get Involved?

   The political grooming of the young people must definitely start from education, Education is derived from two Greek words, ‘Educere’ and ‘Educare’ which means ‘blank slate’ and ‘to lead out’ respectively. It is necessary to conceive the young people as part of the both categories, because, the young people are filled with possibilities and as such have potentials that could be actualized through training. And at the same time they know nothing but what experience has taught them. Education in this sense is beyond the regular schooling system. This includes training of the mind, this should practically begin with the children and teenagers and definitely the adults, the government should organise mentally equipped social entrepreneurs (political speakers, motivational tutors, political analysts) and even organise political debates for the youths, certain kind of privileges and appointments given to activities like pageantry, the voice, maltina dance floor, Gulder ultimate search, big brother Nigeria, and lots more, that thrill youths. If the government or the elites in the society are able to organize mind building and developing competitions and programs, more value will be added to the youths, who will in turn add value to the society.

This does not mean that the formal system of education is not useful, even though the present formal education system where more emphasis is placed on paper certificates than on what skill an individual has practically acquired, it is important the education system is made to fit into the system. Notwithstanding it is called western education, it is called western, because of the culture associated with it, which means that if Nigerians must also be educated, the education must conform to their culture, it must be practical, and something the students/youths are familiar with. For instance, students in Nigeria who study political science, should not just be taught what has been in the books, but be taught what happens currently in their society, just like medicine and law students, be given a political lab or practical opportunity to solve actual political problems in the society; that way, they understand what goes on in the professional political world, the political problems, and proffer solution, they should be allowed to participate in debates like presidential debates and the likes of it, and be allowed to participate in political analysis.

In addition to these, the youths can participate in politics through the following:

Political parties, Political mobilisation, Interest groups (where they exist as organisations and are able to protect the rights of their members when government programmes are in conflict. Could be easily found in pressure groups), Electoral system (they should be voted for and be accrued the respect of allowing them vote in their choice). When the youths get involved in politics and government through these elaborated and highlighted means and other measures that may have not been mentioned here, there will be a massive growth and development in Nigeria, because light has been illuminated, value has been added, a familiar and not just formal sense of belonging has been created and the youths will not be solely interested in fashion and entertainment.

     Finally, it was Boris Popvic the mayor of the municipality of Koper who said that “a seal is given to a people by its city and athletes in particular spread its voice across the country’s boarders”. In this case, the youths are the athletes and need to be involved. Observe any thriving sector in Nigeria, for example fashion, luxury and entertainment, it is categorically promoted by the youths because they are highly recognised, the music/movie industries make them totally feel that they are the reason the industry is existing, every single thing on the media via music/movies and even social media is youth oriented, basically made to capture the attention of the youths, if the youths keep getting undying attention from the media and known from the society, (education, politics, church) there will be poor intellectual building, the future will be nostalgic and the stagnation in Nigeria will not cease. Let youth building not be a political propaganda, but a reality which will cause youths to strive dearly, knowing that in the end, there is certainly gain from the ages of pain, and glory from the pages of the story.

 

November 16, 2017 209 comments
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2017 November EditionFeaturedPoems

The Reddened Stripes of Biafra By Valentine Onuoha

written by The Intellects Mag

In that soft fresh flesh
There we saw beauty once golden;
The sweet gesture the sky fetch,
Softness and greenness interwoven;
Though we could not tell how far
On seeing the wounded stripes of Biafra.

Our walls knew our names,
Feet with a counted toes;
There our chariots foot the lames;
The creed even an infant knows.
Now, the hunter’s now a murderer
For the wounded stripes of Biafra.

The River bird perceived our stink;
The frogs and mice the cause.
The walls are fallen I think
And humming birds our recourse!-
She too can’t return any longer
To the wounded stripes of Biafra.

And so the stripes are lying there,
Deserted under the scorching sun;
Though the reddened sores I stare
I cannot stop but wonder and yawn
And while the valley grow to hill
And So shall live the Biafra’s will.

November 16, 2017 69 comments
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2017 November EditionFeatured

The Intellects’ Desk By Jombo Odilichukwu

written by The Intellects Mag

The major theme of this edition is “BIAFRA AGITATION AND POLITICS IN NIGERIA”.

In the articles and poems featured in this maiden magazine, young minds have taken the opportunity and platform to from their perspective share their thought on the afore-mentioned theme. The problems highlighted here are no different from the problem Chinua Achebe highlighted in his book “The Trouble with Nigeria”; which is as he said “the trouble with Nigeria is simply and squarely a failure of leadership”. This particular corner is not aimed at out speaking other featured articles, but to synthesise the ideas highlighted in the featured articles and proffer solution which is our vision. Albeit, the result of “failure of leadership” in Nigeria is boldly seen in every corner, and sector of Nigeria including politics.

Poor leadership has led to the occurrence of the following in Nigeria:

  • Nepotism
  • Tribalism
  • Inequality
  • Poor politics
  • Imperialism
  • Economic stagnancy
  • Cultural stagnancy
  • Societal stagnancy
  • Educational dwarf
  • Biafra agitation

All these make up a nation who has legs, cannot walk and is at the same time not cripple, but is myopic and suffers from blindness. Unfortunately these nuggets will not be explained for their meaning can only be found in the reading through the articles and poems featured in this magazine.

Yes, there is conflict of culture, language, religion and even interest among the tribes in Nigeria, but there is an existing unity in these diversities which can be reconciled if attention is payed. Perhaps, the inability to identify and establish this unity is the reason Emefiena Ezeani titled his work “In Biafra Africa Died” though different readers will interpret it in the different ways but the writer had a message of hope to pass to the southerners, Nigerians, Africa and the world at large. A lot have died already for Biafra and a lot more may still die, but like the immediate ex-Nigerian president Goodluck Jonathan said, “No man’s ambition is worth the blood of any Nigerian” and not only for Nigeria, but for Biafra as well. The strife has gone on just as Chinua Achebe predicted in “A Man of the People”. Problems are created by man and can be solved by man. Already problems have been identified and new problems will be identified but if there must be change, then there must be a revolution and an alienation of power.

Uneasy lies the head that wears the crown, but there must be an active decision among the leaders (the tiers of government) to in all sincerity serve and protect the country Nigeria and her citizens even far above themselves.

The 2014 national confab and Niger delta should be implemented. Every Nigerian including the Biafra agitators who has progress at heart must have knowledge of the 2014 national confab, for its resolution hold the key to the country we dream of (everyone wants to be successful in Nigeria). Some of its resolutions include the following:

  • Devolution of powers and federating units, which will lead to the establishment of only two tiers of govt. (the federal and the states
  • Fiscal federalism and revenue sharing
  • States and multiple policing system
  • Restructuring Nigeria through the creation of new states (this way, power is decentralized, every single tribe is genuinely represented)
  • Churches to pay tax and government to stop financing pilgrimage or mecca

The implication of the confab will be dissected in details in the edition that will treat the Economic growth of Nigeria. Good a thing we live a technology ruling age where we are a click away from anything we want to know.  The implementation of these policies will lead to even distribution of the nation’s resources within the citizens, communities, tribes and states of the country. Construction of new states and the practice of federalism with only two tiers of government will put a quick end to the cankerworm of imperialism, which has eaten deep in our country. Lenin in his work “Imperialism, the highest form of capitalism” explained how imperialism, a bad form of colonization destroys a nation and renders it stagnant and in the hands of a few.  Again, the teaching that there are three major ethnic groups will be put to halt, it promotes tribalism and does not show unity. Every tribe is as important as the other, every tribe and state should be equipped for economic production through the resources they have. The creation of new states will automatically lead to the creation of more geo-political zones.

In addition, election is contested among political parties, the legislative body should consider the rotation of presidential elections among geo-political zone or among northern and southern protectorate, that way, the candidates for election will emerge from particular geo-political zones, say three political zones, that way ethnicity will be controlled and maybe even conquered.

However, if the CONFAB cannot be implemented by the current government then perhaps, there should be secession especially for states that cannot live in harmony and peace due to corruption, marginalization and Imperialism existing in Nigeria, no citizen is a slave and so should not be treated as one.

Consequently, any government that cannot do any of these, and does not have any other alternative or way out of this menace, does not have the interest of the citizens at heart, and is not being guided by the oath of office and deserves to resign otherwise be impeached. Checks and balances as this are why we have senators and law makers, and not being ambassadors of poverty or being violent and making the country a mockery to world. 

 

Finally, we believe these to be solutions to Biafra agitation and the problem of politics in Nigeria. This topic is still open for research and maybe updated after subsequent research, for our aim is to solve problems and we will not stop until problems are solved. Evil prevails because the good people are quiet and refuse to take responsibility, because vacuum does not exist in nature the privation of good will eventually lead to evil. No nation has ever been great without a revolution and that revolution starts with us taking the bull by the horn and being sincere enough to deal with the challenges we are facing.

Only by that can we create a nation where peace, and justice shall reign.

November 16, 2017 0 comment
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2017 November EditionFeaturedPoems

The Agitation By Jombo Odilichukwu

written by The Intellects Mag

Proud were they to be blacks
All man was for himself a king
Getting needs at a ding
Until the annexation by a white king
Which came without a bell ring

Dwelling in captivating sting
They endured through the string
Until all they did was to sting
Sting for the survival of black
Even among the white rings

There was illuminating
The heart piercing wailing
Was not to be ignored
Suddenly the trumpet sounded
The sound was liberating

But black had turned white
Not cold nor hurt
Luke warm was the white and black
From the liberating sound
To the promising land
The land of hope

 

Though in the midst of coronation
Coronation of captivation
Captivation in the land
The land of hope

Tongue, worship and culture was conflicting
From the liberating sound
To self-captivation
Liberation has always been the cry
From what exactly
From self or from land

They sing awareness
But the action shows ignorance
They must be equipped with knowledge
Hold firm their spirit
Play the minds game
And nature will rise at their sling
As they arise for the conquest.

November 16, 2017 36 comments
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2017 November EditionBiafraFeatured

Inequality Meditations On The Nigerian Economic Life . By Kennedy Asuru

written by The Intellects Mag

Background

There is no light, there is no fuel, there is no water. Workers are on strike because states can’t afford to pay them. So, the workers pretend to work and their governors pretend to pay them. The governors are exasperated. The leaders are bewildered. The people are frustrated. How did we get here? How did we, children of a rich father, descendants of wealthy ancestors end up begging by the road side? How did we, who once rode on thoroughbred horses, become shoeless? We took a wrong turn in the road and we have refused to retrace our steps. Our land is still flowing with milk and honey but we are used to the ones we import from Malaysia and Lebanon. We are still strong men and women, but we deploy our energies in the wrong direction. We want to plant onions and harvest cocoa. We are in trouble….more trouble than we had in 2015. We are steadily moving down the slope. And the worse part of it is that nobody is willing to accept that he is wrong. Everybody is blaming everybody and everything But we – you and I – and the people we voted for, are wrong. We missed the right turn in the road together. That is why we are suffering together: Corporate iniquity, corporate punishment (Funke Egbemode, Sunday Sun, March 13, 2016, Once Upon a Prosperous Nation).

The above excerpt reveals the reality of an economic crisis in the Nigerian state, which has left a major fracture in her very structure. A major contributor to the magnitude of this fracture, is the inexpediency of the present political system. As Economists would affirm, Political expediency will always override economic proficiency. This assertion reveals in a subtle manner, the overwhelming importance of politics in the economic life of any country. One mistake we tend to make all the time is to think that an average politician has the good of the society at heart as a top priority. This is mere wishful thinking; and a pitiful one at that. The reality which we should factor into our consciousness is that, AN AVERAGE POLITICIAN THINKS MORE OF WINNING THE NEXT ELECTION, THAN HE DOES OF SALVAGING THE ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE PEOPLE. #Fact. An average politician would only employ good deeds and diligence as a tool for gaining the endorsement of the people in order to win the next election.

Well, that’s another story.

In this work, we shall identify and explore one, among the myriads of problems that challenge the development of Nigeria. Among others that prevail, one problem we identify here is Inequality.

What Inequality Is

The basic understanding of the concept “inequality” is a sort of imbalance or inequilibrium in a system. The Merriam-Websters Dictionary defines inequality as “an unfair situation in which people have more rights and better opportunities than other people”. The Longman Dictionary of Sociology defines it as “an unfair situation in which some groups in society have more money, opportunities, power, etc than others”.

From an economic perspective, inequality is the difference found in various measures of economic well-being among individuals in a group, among groups in a population, or among countries. Economic inequality is sometimes called Income inequality, Wealth inequality, or the Wealth gap.

Social inequality occurs when the resources in a given society are distributed unevenly, typically through norms of  allocation that engender specific patterns along lines of socially defined category of persons.

The Problem Of Global Inequality

Economists and social analysts have observed, with no small level of certitude, that the major cause of social violence and consequently, underdevelopment in the world nay Nigeria, is that hydra-headed monster called, Inequality. To make this point clearer, consider the following statistics which was given by Hyacinth Ementa Ichoku (Professor of Economics, University of Nsuka, Nigeria):

  • 71% of the world population lives on only 3% of global resources
  • 7% of the world population control more than 45% of global resources
  • The richest 620 people in the world own more wealth than the least 4 billion people in the world put together
  • 75% of the world population has more wealth than 77% of the world population put together
  • Since 1995 all the economic growth recorded has never directly touched the poorest 0.5%

And these estimations are climbing annually.

This information provided above reveals the huge chasm between the rich and poor, the successful and the surviving in the world today. How can so much own so few, and yet there exists so few elsewhere, who own so much? How can there be so few controlling so much wealth, and yet so many languish in abject poverty, go to bed hungry daily, and even die of hunger? This is the greatest economic injustice of all, and when left unaddressed, leads to the greatest social violence in the world all over.

The Problem Of International Inequality

Of course because the information provided above does not speak to the average Nigerian personally, there lingers the tendency of discarding it as random speculation and matters not of our concern. But before such step, here’s one for you; one that’s hit you in the guts and urge you to advocate, even more strongly for a revolutionary change. The following information was also given by Professor Hyacinth Ementa Ichoku:

  • An average Australian earns about $60,000 annually
  • An average Nigerian earns about $20,000 annually
  • The life expectancy of average Japanese is 85 years
  • The life expectancy of average Nigerian is 52 years

The Problem Of National / Inter-Regional Inequality

As Adam Smith puts it, wherever there is great property, there is great inequality. This especially explains the Nigerian problem of inequality. Without being unnecessarily verbose, the statistics below would suffice:

  • 15,000 Nigerians, who earn $1 million annually, have a total of ₦30 Trillion as their salary annually. This is more than 5 times the total Budget of Nigeria for the year (2016). Also note that this is the highest budget Nigeria has ever come up with.
  • 40% of the children in Katsina State suffer from malnutrition
  • School enrolment in Imo State is about 90%
  • School enrolment in Yobe State is only about 10%
  • Yobe state features the ratio of 1 doctor to 123,000 patients, and 1 nurse to 75,000 patients
  • Enugu state alone has more medical doctors than the whole of the north west combined!

Now, although these statistics are not exhaustive, they help to reveal that inequality in Nigeria and in the world at large is a reality that has been given very little consideration in the past, but yet is one of the root causes of economic inequilibrium and social disorder in the Nigeria. In fact, as Hyacinth Ichoku puts it, “Such inequality is the recipe for disaster and rebellion, since it somehow creates a culture of envy and rivalry”.

Many Nigerians are quite aware of the fact that something is wrong somewhere with the Nigerian economy. But the problem is most people cannot say what this is exactly, they seem to be oblivious of what magnitude of harm has been done, nor can they say for sure what must be done to address the problem. Well, so far, we have been able to identify the first two.

Reconcillatory Remarks

What then must we do?

Sincerely, I do not have the answer to that. If I did, I would have taken the next flight to Abuja, to share with the President over dinner.

But this is what I have: information. Knowledge. Knowledge, which is power; emancipative power. The ignorance of the magnitude of our problem has made us largely complacent thus far. The truth is; this is no time for complacence; this is a bad time to be calm. Like one who has a cancer without even knowing it, Nigeria seems to be dying slowly, but steadily. There’s a problem with Nigeria, and we need to address it, and quickly. This problem is the stark reality and prevalence of inequality in the system. We’ve identified the cancer, what is left now is to find a cure. Are you willing to throw the first stone in order to get this done?

November 16, 2017 332 comments
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2017 November EditionFeaturedHealthy Living

Eating Right By Jombo Odilichukwu

written by The Intellects Mag

Growing up through the primary and secondary school, we were taught that food is what the body needs to grow and function properly, just like the kitchen stove needs kerosene to function, and gas cooker needs gas to function, so does the body need good food to function and grow properly.

However, lack of food leads to malnutrition in both children and adults. Below are a few sickness poor eating can cause in the body of children and adults alike.

Health problems in children:

  • Stunted growth and loss of weight
  • Slowness in locomotion, thought and speech
  • Kwashiorkor
  • Dizziness and lack of energy
  • Sad and unpleasant feelings
  • Swelling of feet, fat and hands usually with sores or marks on the skin
  • Thinning, straightening, or loss of hair, its colour and shine
  • Dryness of eye, Night blindness and even blindness

Health problems in adults

  • Fatigue and tiredness
  • Loss of appetite
  • Anemia (loss of red blood cells, hemoglobin)
  • Sores in the corners of the mouth
  • Painful or sore tongue
  • Burning or numbness of the feet
  • Ageing

There are some other diseases that may not really be caused by poor feeding, but are made worse by poor feeding. They include the following:

  • Diarrhea
  • Measles
  • Tuberculosis
  • Common colds
  • Frequent Infections
  • Ringing or buzzing in the ears
  • Headache
  • Bleeding or redness of the gums
  • Skin bruises easily
  • Nosebleeds
  • Stomach discomfort
  • Dryness and cracking of the skin
  • Palpitations (heavy pulsing of the heart or of the ‘pit’ of the stomach)
  • Anxiety and mental problems
  • Cirrhosis (liver disease)

These sickness affect the old and young adults, and even pregnant women or lactating mothers.

When a person is sick, eating good food and adequate diet leads to quick recovery. And a person who is not sick, needs to eat adequate diet to stay healthy.

Adequate diet refers to food that has all the classes of food in the right proportion, they are outlined according to their categories below:

GO FOODS (ENERGY HELPERS):

Fats and oil

Proteins (Nuts)

Carbohydrates (Sugar and starch)

MAIN FOODS

Carbohydrates (cereals, starchy roots, and fruits)

GROW FOODS

Proteins (legumes, nuts animal products)

Fats and oil

GLOW FOODS

Vitamins (vegetables)

Minerals (fruits)

Water

Good doctors’ advice that the best medicine for any illness including obesity is good food

Some of the information in this work is gotten from the book “WHERE THERE IS NO DOCTOR” by David Werner, et al.

November 16, 2017 43 comments
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Biafra Agitation As A Result Of Nigerian Political Nature
2017 November EditionFeatured

Biafra Agitation As A Result Of Nigerian Political Nature

written by The Intellects Mag

Biafra Agitation As A Result Of Nigerian Political Nature

What we called Nigeria today was ab initio, before the coming of the of the colonial masters, three different entities of the Northern and Southern protectorate, with different cultural backgrounds, norms, values, politics and systems of governance. The three entities were: Igbo( here Known as Biafra), Hausa and Yoruba. During the leadership of Lord Frederick Lugard, the three different entities were amalgamated later on to form what we have now as Nigeria. After the independence, the three region were living in solidarity and discord at some length. In solidarity, because they are one country, in discord, because of fundamental differences. Some years after the independence, there was a civil war as a result of political quagmire, Igbos, led by Late col. Odumegwu Ojukwu wanted to stay on their own as they were before the coming of the white but the Northerners refused such ideology. After the great War Ibos (Biafrans) were still subjected to Nigeria as a nation. After then things are not going well politically. As the time went by things keep on getting worse, this led to the serious Agitation by a prestigious and energetic Prince Namdi Kalu, who stands as the voice of the people of Biafra. In this paper we are going to look at the condition of Nigerian Politics and to know how it affects the Igbos, which led to the aggressive Agitation for Biafra.

Biafra Agitation As A Result Of Nigerian Political Nature

An adage has it that: when a community is in state of confusion and quagmire that some use it as a means to survive. Another adage states that: one man’s food is another man’s poison. The political Nature of Nigeria is highly favorable to mainly politicians and indirect Politicians andvby indirect politicians I mean, those who are not politicians but they benefit from politicians. But for those at the grass roots level, it is terrible and unspeakable. Nigeria ontologically was blessed by God with many resources, which can help to keep us wealthy if it’s properly taken care of, but with lack of proper caretaking, it appears like Nigeria is as poor as a church mouse. The need for politics was for there to be a leader according to the mind of people, a leader, by the people, of the people and for the people.

A leader who will see the best in his people and give them the avenue and assistance to actualize it. Leaders who are meant to represent the people. But today, the reverse is the case, politics is now a game and the game politics is now a bugaboo. The game politics in Nigeria is, to the paraphrase of stoic, tantamount to “what is seen in animal ;that is, the strong must suppress the weak”, meaning ‘survival of the fittest’. What a farce? Politics is now a game for individual pockets and not for national wellbeing. The poor, young and children are no more considered in the administration. Few leaders are doing what is pleasing to the majority but majority of leaders are doing what is pleasing to the least number of people. Sometimes, what is going on in the political realm of Nigeria, places the people in ambiguity.

Look at the problem of recession, it’s ranging from misappropriation to lack of responsibility. Nigeria, before the discovery of oil, was based on agricultural exports, lime stone, salt etc. But when oil was discovered, everybody rushed into oil, which led to political attention and dependency being on oil alone. Now that many country are developing non fuel machines, the demand for fuel went down, and the political leaders, instead of trying to help to rediscover our original innocence by looking at other means of external exchange in-placement of oil, they were myopic and short sighted by their personal oil wells. Some are less concerned and nonchalant because they have many Nigerian money invested abroad and enough stolen funds in their personal names and accounts. This makes people to suffer, many youths are into criminal activities just for them to make a better living, which the government refused them. This sardonic and bedevilled situation led to the aggressive increase in kidnapping, highway attacks and many more. The flaw tedious and flaw gibbous attitude of Nigerian Politicians (or political Nature) led to the emergency of the Biafra Agitation.

Biafra Agitation As A Result Of Nigerian Political Nature

The motion for federal independent nation of Biafra by Igbos led by Prince Nnamdi Kalu was because, the Nigerian Politics and leadership modality is no more befitting for the Igbo’s-band there is also a long history of religious crises between the Igbo Christians and Hausa Muslims due to differences and incompatibility of belief and faith. Igbos held the argument that they are being maltreated in the Northern part and deprived certain privileges. This and many more is what led to the revolution, Igbos held the stand that since this is not our blood, tribe, and we have different cultures and values, let us stay as we were before the amalgamation. This motion was erroneous for the political leaders of Federal Republic of Nigeria and to water it down and muddle it up, many counter actions were taKen, like arresting the IPOB leader for some charges, which were later proved to be wrong. As things get worse in the country; the revolution increases.

Problems Resulting From The Biafra Agitation

There is a saying which has it that anything that comes up into existence must have fault and challenges. There are some faults or side effects of this agitation and also some challenges.

Many, especially myopic ones, have cast their interest in the Biafra Agitation by a means of IPOB, some who don’t have what to do for a living are no more interested in searching for something to do, some who have little to do, dropped them in the name of joining IPOB group… Sometimes you find out that those who pressure this issue are some people who have nothing doing. Some tenants followed their landlord in spending their whole day in the name of IPOB without knowing that at the end of the month, you must pay your house rent whether you work or not.

Another problem it carries is from the religious point of view. It is quite right that Prince Nnamdi Kalu made it open that he is not the god or King of Igbos but those following him did not follow the same interpretation, some people worship him(which may be against his will) but the point is that they worship him as god and King. Some Christians dropped their faith because of the condemnation that Prince Nnamdi Kalu laid against new testament of the Holy Bible and many other things. The force people use on Kalu they never used it in their belief in God. For some people Nnamdi Kalu’s is more important than their faith. They create more time to discuss Kalu but little or no time for God. This led one priest of God to say that ‘if the attention given to Kalu was given to God, salvation would have been sure’.

The Biafra Agitation is faced also by some challenges which started from the arrest and re-arresting of Nnamdi Kalu, this was a political means to water down the motion, some Igbo political leaders are not in support of Kalu’s modality. They see him as a deceiver, some religious heads are not happy with Kalu’ s modus operandum, they see him as a leviathan(pride) antichrist brain washer, do-gooder etc But the funny part of it is that people keep joining the movement.

Conclusion

Ranging from our discussion here, it stands that one of the root causes of Biafra Agitation is as a result of the bad conditions of Nigerian Politics. And the reason for this quest is for the Igbos to be independent. Though this idea in some extent good, but people should start working and start earning for a living.
God cannot be placed second in this quest, rather, God should be the chief pilot of this nation. The spirit of brotherhood must be achieved first before one nation of Biafra can be achieved. Spirit of Ujaama is needed, that is, brotherhood beyond state boundaries. If all these is not put into consideration. It will be that we are running away from an evil person and running towards evil spirits. It will make the nation of Biafra not possible, and if it manages to be possible, it will be a state of chaos, sadonism, brutality, chagrin and endemic war against each other. To get Biafra, let’s plan well because he who fails to plan, plans to fail.

By Comrade Ezeh N. C Sixtus

#theholymountain

November 15, 2017 267 comments
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